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Key Facts

• Founded in 1835 by settlers who came from Van Diemen's Land. Its name was changed to Melbourne in 1837, to honour William Lamb, the 2nd Viscount Melbourne.
• Second largest city in Australia in terms of population.
• The population of Melbourne is approximately 3.8 million people.
• Australia's first zoo is located in Melbourne. It opened its current site in 1862.
• Melbourne's historic landmarks such as the design of the Main Walk and an early 20th Century exhibit are greatly preserved for visitors.
• Considered the sporting, shopping and cultural capital of Australia.
• Melbourne has fully advanced infrastructures, including access to broadband and advanced telecommunication systems. The city is fully cabled, with broadband optical fibres reaching out within 100 metres of every major office location in the city.
• Time Zone AEST (UTC+10)
• Co-ordinates: 37°48′49″S, 144°57′47″E

Melbourne is the capital city of the Australian state of Victoria. In terms of population, the city is the second most populous after Sydney. It was founded in 1835 by early European settlers from Van Diemen's Land and was named after the 2nd Viscount Melbourne in 1837. Melbourne was declared a city by Queen Victoria in 1847 and became the capital city of the colony of Victoria. It became one of the wealthiest cities in world during the Victorian gold rush and served as the interim seat of government of Australia until 1927.

Melbourne became the interim seat of government until the parliament was moved to Canberra. However, the Governor-General resided at Government House until 1930. Many of Australia's national institutions remain in the city today. Melbourne is also home to the world's largest tram network which overtook Sydney in the 1940s. It is often called as the cultural capital of Australia because of its events that celebrate the arts, commerce, education, entertainment, sports, and tourism. Melbourne celebrates a variety of internationally renowned cultural events and festivals such as the Melbourne International Film Festival, Melbourne International Comedy Festival, Melbourne International Arts Festival, and the Melbourne Fringe Festival.

The city is also the birthplace of Australian television, the Australian impressionist art movement known as the Heidelberg School, and the Australian contemporary dance styles.

Compared to other Australian cities, the Melbourne central business district has unrestricted height limits and has five of the six tallest buildings in Australia. The central business district is also the location of many significant historic buildings such as the Melbourne Town Hall and the Parliament House. Melbourne is also characterized by its large parks and gardens and wide avenues.
Melbourne faces significant environmental issues because of its demand for infrastructure and public services. The city has implemented several restrictions and awareness initiatives to curb these environmental problems.